肯定句示例
肯定句结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 (V3)
一般用法
- ✓ I have lived in Beijing for 5 years.
- ✓ She has studied English since she was a child.
- ✓ They have visited many countries.
- ✓ He has worked here for two months.
- ✓ We have seen that movie before.
近期完成的动作
- ✓ She has just finished her homework.
- ✓ They have already eaten lunch.
- ✓ He has bought a new car.
- ✓ I have read this book.
- ✓ We have received the package.
肯定句转换练习
将下列句子转换为现在完成时：
- She moves to Shanghai. → She has moved to Shanghai.
- They buy a new house. → They have bought a new house.
- He finishes his project. → He has finished his project.
- We see that movie. → We have seen that movie.
- I write a letter. → I have written a letter.
否定句示例
否定句结构：主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 (V3)
一般用法
- ✗ I haven't seen that movie yet.
- ✗ She hasn't finished her work.
- ✗ They haven't visited Paris.
- ✗ He hasn't eaten breakfast.
- ✗ We haven't decided yet.
强调从未做过
- ✗ I have never been to Africa.
- ✗ She has never ridden a horse.
- ✗ They have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
- ✗ He has never tasted sushi.
- ✗ We have never met before.
常见错误
以下是一些常见的否定句错误及正确形式：
- ✗ She didn't have breakfast. → She hasn't had breakfast.
- ✗ I have not saw him. → I haven't seen him.
- ✗ They hasn't gone to school. → They haven't gone to school.
- ✗ He have not finished his work. → He hasn't finished his work.
疑问句示例
疑问句结构：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 (V3)?
一般疑问句
- ? Have you read this book?
- ? Has she arrived yet?
- ? Have they finished their project?
- ? Has he seen the movie?
- ? Have we met before?
特殊疑问句
- ? What have you done today?
- ? Where has she gone?
- ? How long have they lived here?
- ? Why has he changed his job?
- ? Who has broken the window?
疑问句练习
将下列陈述句转换为疑问句：
- She has visited Tokyo. → Has she visited Tokyo?
- They have finished the work. → Have they finished the work?
- He has written a letter. → Has he written a letter?
- We have seen that movie. → Have we seen that movie?
- I have lived here for 3 years. → Have I lived here for 3 years?
用法示例
现在完成时的四种主要用法示例：
1 过去发生对现在的影响
- ✓ I have lost my keys. (我现在没有钥匙)
- ✓ She has eaten breakfast. (她现在不饿)
- ✓ They have bought a new car. (他们现在有一辆新车)
- ✓ He has broken his phone. (他的手机现在坏了)
2 从过去持续到现在
- ✓ She has worked here for 10 years. (她从过去到现在一直在这工作)
- ✓ They have studied English since 2010. (从2010年开始，持续到现在)
- ✓ He has lived in Beijing all his life. (他一生都住在北京)
- ✓ We have known each other since childhood. (我们从小就认识)
3 经历或经验
- ✓ I have been to Paris. (我有去过巴黎的经历)
- ✓ She has never tried sushi. (她从没有尝试过寿司)
- ✓ They have climbed Mount Everest. (他们有爬过珠穆朗玛峰的经历)
- ✓ He has read Harry Potter series. (他读过哈利波特系列)
4 未完成的时间
- ✓ I have written three emails today. (今天还没结束)
- ✓ She has watched two movies this week. (这周还没结束)
- ✓ They have visited three cities this month. (这个月还没结束)
- ✓ He has read 100 pages this morning. (今天上午还没结束)
时间状语示例
现在完成时经常与以下时间状语连用：
已完成的动作
- ✓ I have already finished my homework (already).
- ✓ She has just left (just).
- ✓ They have already eaten dinner (already).
- ✓ He has recently moved to a new house (recently).